What are Neurons

Neurons are specialized cells that are the fundamental building blocks of the nervous system.

They are responsible for receiving, processing,
and transmitting information throughout the brain and the rest of the body.

Each neuron consists of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon.

The dendrites are tree-like structures that extend from the cell body,
and receive signals from other neurons or sensory receptors.

The axon is a long, thin, and cylindrical structure that carries signals away from the cell body,
and transmits them to other neurons or muscles.

When a neuron receives a signal from another neuron or sensory receptor,
it generates an electrical impulse called an action potential.

This electrical impulse travels down the axon and triggers the release of neurotransmitters,
which are chemical messengers that transmit signals across the tiny gaps between neurons called synapses.

Through this process of electrical and chemical signaling,
neurons form complex networks that allow us to perceive, think, feel, and act.

These networks are responsible for a wide range of cognitive and physiological functions,
including sensory perception, motor control, memory, emotion, and cognition.

Bjørn Larsen Editor/Artist